Case Study on Engstrom - 636 Words

Discussion: 14746 Re: Case Memo #1: Engstrom Auto Mirror Plant Issues: Though the Scanlon plan was effective when it was implemented, there are now several potential issues existing in Engstrom. The employees are no longer seeing the benefits of the incentive plan that originally showed them bounty. They do not trust the system of bonuses, or the methods by which they are calculated, and by extension are beginning to distrust management entirely. They are starting to observe a lack of fairness in payment, valuing relative over concrete compensation. Ultimately, employees as a whole are beginning to be more individually minded as opposed to having a group mentality. This is the main cause of Engstrom’s problems. The Scanlon plan is†¦show more content†¦In the meantime, enacting come group bonding retreats and meetings is encouraged, in order to lessen the negative effect of losing a company-wide group mentality which the Scanlon plan hasShow MoreRelatedCase Study: Engstrom1274 Words   |  6 PagesEngstrom Auto Mirror Plant: Refl ection on Motivation Many companies have endured both good times and bad. It is the process or measures taken, in which decide whether these companies succeed or submit to failure. In â€Å"Engstrom Auto Mirror Plant: Motivating in Good Times and Bad† Michael Beer and Elizabeth Collins prepare the detailed the case in which this company must face such a dilemma. The company itself is facing an issue of motivation in correlation to incentive standards, as well as organizationalRead MoreEngstrom Auto Mirror Case Study1077 Words   |  5 PagesEngstrom Auto Mirror, a successful privately owned plant since 1948 in Richmond, Indiana, reached one of their biggest productivity setbacks in May 2007. In their near 60 years of business this was the company’s second cross with unprofitability since the 90’s, when technology was surfacing and causing tension between the company and their customers. The manager at the time was unable to adjust, deciding to resign in 1998. Nearing the end of the 90’s, Ron Bent was hired as plant manager. LeadingRead MoreCase Study : Manufacturing Plant Named Engstrom Auto Mirror751 Words   |  4 PagesThe purpose of this assignment is the analysis of a case study for a manufacturing plant named Engstrom Auto Mirror located in Richmond IN. The company has been in business since 1948, during most of its existence the business ran well and they were successful but by the 1990’s they started a downward spiral toward being unprofitable. In the early 2000’s for a period of seven years their sales had quadrupled but in 2006 there was a downturn in the auto industry which led to cuts having to be madeRead MoreEngstrom Auto Mirror Plant and Work Analysis Case Study Essay3074 Words   |  13 PagesKayla Gunby November 29th, 2015 Southern New Hampshire University Final Project Submission Engstrom Auto Mirror Plant and Work Analysis Case Study Abstract During May 2007, the Engstrom Auto Mirror Plant faces a low employee morale issue. The newly appointed manager, Ron Bent, sees a decline in work place productivity and culture throughout his recent years of working at the plant. When Bent joined the company, it was facing a similar issue of low morale. He then decided to introduce theRead MoreEngstrom Auto Case1403 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ Introduction The Engstrom Auto Mirror plant employs over 200 people at its Indiana location. Since 1999, workers at the plant have received bonuses based on the Scanlon Bonus Plan, which paid a percentage of all labor savings each month. Workers were motivated by the bonuses to increase their productivity, thus saving the plant from its unprofitable state during the 1990s. However, in 2007, the plant once again faced issues of unproductivity and low profits. The plant manager, Ron Bent, hadRead MoreEngstrom Auto Mirror Plant : Motivating942 Words   |  4 PagesThe intent of this milestone is to analyze the case study entitled â€Å"Engstrom Auto Mirror Plant: Motivating in Good Times and Bad†. Throughout the case study numerous known organizational issues were presented. Human behavior theories are connected with reasonably information to explain the numerous root causes related to the issues from a human conduct point of view. By investigating these causes I will acknowledge the br eakdown with tenacious research proof. I went into depth with my examinationRead MoreRoot Cause Case Study Analysis Essay911 Words   |  4 PagesII. Root Cause Case Study Analysis Identify root causes of known organizational issues from a human behavior perspective. Engstrom has several major organizational issues that have contributed to low productivity and lack of motivation. The events that commenced Engstrom’s organizational issues stem from the failure of the Scanlon Bonus Plan (Beer, 2008). The system was created so that employees became motivated to exceed the standard. Additionally, several aspects that contributed to a healthyRead MoreEngstrom Auto Mirror Plant : Motivating1192 Words   |  5 PagesEngstrom Auto Mirror Plant: Motivating in Good Times and Bad Root-Cause Analysis Southern New Hampshire University Emeka Ekezie Abstract Engstrom Auto Mirror Plant is facing an internal crisis which primarily is a motivational problem. Ron Bent, the manager, and Joe Haley the assistant has seen workplace culture and productivity decline over the years. Ron joined the company when it was going through a similar issue in the past. He came and implemented an employee incentive programRead MoreAnalysis Of Engstrom Auto Mirror Plant Essay1278 Words   |  6 Pagesrelated issues (Lorenzi and Riley, 2003). As a rule the hidden reason for these issues inside the association is absence of open stream of data or notwithstanding utilizing incorrectly hierarchical structure. From the contextual investigation of Engstrom Auto Mirror Plant, there are a few authoritative issues that are clear and have come about into hierarchical clash. These issues present themselves nearly in all associations. It is accordingly imperative for the administration of any associationRead MoreThe Good Opportunity For Competent Managers Essay1412 Words   |  6 Pagessocial system revolves around how we as individuals interface with each other in different ways. An individual conduct within the social system can affect others directly or indirectly. The result can either be positive or negative, however, in any case; any shift in the system affects all other facets of the system. Managers need to understand how power bases impact workers since that impact motivation. The type of power and how it is utilized will determine how workers are motivated. Consolidated

Dear Stella Free Essays

Dear Stella, I hope this letter finds you well. I am sorry about leaving so abruptly, but I was called away on urgent work. I have been sent to Crythin Gifford by Mr. We will write a custom essay sample on Dear Stella or any similar topic only for you Order Now Bentley to attend the funeral of Mrs. Alice Drablow, I also need to sort though all of her legal documents. Mrs. Drablow lived in a strange little house called Eel Marsh House. To get out to the house you must cross the Nine Lives Causeway, it is only accessible during low tide, otherwise it is covered by water, and impassable. The house is very strange, all on it’s own on a small island separated from the rest of the main land. At first I thought it to be quite beautiful but it has a scary if not dark side to it. Even Mrs. Drablow was a bit strange, she lives alone and no one from the village will speak of her. When I arrived Mr. Daily, the local landowner, took me to the Gifford Arms where I have been staying. I went to the funeral of Mrs. Drablow, on the way there I saw some school children and they had strange white pasty faces. When I arrived I noticed that there were very few people there. There was a woman in black clothes with a pasty white face, which I saw on the way back to the village and again on Eel Marsh Island. After the funeral of I went to Eel Marsh house, to start work. Mr. Keckwick took me across the causeway on a horse and trap. When we arrived at Eel Marsh House Keckwick left me and said he would return at five to collect me. I looked around the island; there is an old graveyard with some ruins of a small abbey. The names on the gravestones were all undecipherable because they were covered with various fungi’s. While looking around the graveyard I saw the mysterious Woman in Black, a cold feeling came over me like nothing I had ever felt before, but before I could approach her she ducked away under a headstone and disappeared. I don’t think you should worry about me I’m fine and I’m not worried about her. She was probably a figment of my imagination; the marsh mist was quite dense. After that went in to the house and I started work opening all the windows, to get some light. I searched thought the rooms to see what was in side the house. It has an old musty smell, all the furniture is old, and made of strong wood. It was about four, so I decided I would walk back to Crythin Gifford, Keckwick wouldn’t be back until five and the exercise would be good for me. As I started to walk along the causeway I noticed that it was getting darker and darker and the mist was drawing in, the sea mist was thick and salty. The further I got from the house the better I felt, but soon I couldn’t see it any more because of the mist. I thought about turning back but I would soon meet Keckwick and he could take me the rest of the way. The mist was soon playing tricks on my sight and hearing, I could hear a pony and trap coming a long the road to the causeway, and it went silent. I then heard noises of screaming like someone was drowning, I thought this was my imagination, I didn’t know how far it was to the other side of the causeway and the water was rising fast so I decided to turn back and head for the house. When I got back I was very worried and I was shaking. I sat down in one of the old musty chairs and had a drink, I must have fallen asleep because when I awoke someone was knocking on the door, when I opened it I saw Keckwick and the pony and trap. They were normal, still alive; it must have been my imagination about him drowning. He apologized for not coming to pick me up but he was unable to because of the sea mist, I was unlucky. I hope that everything in London is fine. There is no need for you to come down to Crythin Gifford, because I should be returning soon, I will go back to Eel Marsh House today and stay for a couple of days to finish all the work and send anything important back to Mr. Bentley. Hope to see you very soon. Yours Lovingly, Arthur How to cite Dear Stella, Papers

Half Caste free essay sample

Caste Girl Judith Wright Half Caste Girl Little Josie buried under the bright moon Is tired of being dead, death lasts too long. She would like to push death aside, and stand on the hill And beat with a waddy on the bright moon like a gong Across the hills, the hills that belong to no people And so to none are foreign, Once she climbed high to find the native cherry; The lithe darkhearted lubra Who in her beads like blood Dressed delicately for love Moves her long hands among the strings of the wind, Singing the songs of women, The songs of love and dying. Against the world’s stone walls she thrusts her hearth – Endless the strength of its beating – Atom of flesh that cannot move a stone. She used her love for lever; But the wall is cunningly made. Not even the strong break jail. So she is restless still under her rootwarm cover, Hearing the noise of living, Forgetting the pain of dying. We will write a custom essay sample on Half Caste or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Little Josie buried under the bright sun Would like to open her eyes and dance in the light. Who is it had covered the sun and the beautiful moon With a wallaby skin, and left her alone in the night? †¢Judith Wright = Australian poet and a worker for Aboriginal rights †¢Raised in wealthy pastoral English family in Armidale NSW. †¢Graduated University of Sydney in English, Psychology, History †¢Josie is a half caste Aboriginal girl who has died. †¢The poem describes Josie’s time in purgatory, as her spirit still kindles ithin the land †¢She has a deep relationship to the land because of her Aboriginal heritage, and therefore belongs. †¢Also a poem of not-belonging, as she is stranded in purgatory and wishes to return to the land. †¢SYMBOLIC = it is as if the souls of the murdered blacks are in limbo, or the perpetual rootlessness and torment of Purgatory awaiting, in other words, the ‘new recognition, and fresh syntheses’ that can liberate them. For example, Josie i n ‘Half-Caste Girl’: is restless still under her rootwarm cover, hearing the noise of living,

Some Interesting Facts Bout Love free essay sample

Somebody once told me that, Finding the right person is very hard and very wrong It is best to be the right person for the one you love and start from there Youll always end up disappointed when you set standards and define a right person for you And dont rush things Cozy somewhere somehow God is preparing somebody for you. You can never be perfect The person you love can never be perfect But both of you can be perfect through love and prayers and your love can be perfect through the both of you. But no relationship Is complete without God Tats why we have marriage Lets a bond not only between you and your loved one But also with God. Our relationships fall not because (s) hes not the right person Lets because we expected too much and we decided on our own Let God do the work. We will write a custom essay sample on Some Interesting Facts Bout Love or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page .. You may call It waltzing time Bat while you are waltzing.. . Pray. Let God gulled you always. He knows better. No, He knows best. Love is not what you think it is Sometimes we mistakenly feel that our first relationship will be our last. Because we are overwhelmed with joy and romance, we roger to learn the meaning of true love.Some are saying that love is unselfish, blind, unconditional, or simply denying oneself for the sake of someone very important in our life. Others are saying love is immortal and can never be defined. When we think were in love, the first thing we almost wanted the whole world to know is that our love for someone very special can never be taken away from us. We say this phrase, You are the most wonderful gift from GOD I have ever received. After a terrible fight or sometimes even a petty quarrel we then say, You are the suggest mistake Ive ever made in my entire life! Now, how do you say ND spell the word LOVE? Are you really deeply into it? Nobody can tell what love really is until experience speaks and whispers right Into our ears. Most of the time, these love promises like, forever, till death do us apart, etc. would end up never and We should apart ways, Im no longer happy with you! My love for you is DEAD!! Man times we thought after having committed to someone and your trust to one another freezes down to zero degree, S/He anti the right one. I should probably Walt for the right one to come. But the big question anyone could not answer Is Is She I.e. the right one? and When Is the right time? That made us suck to whom we are with. Will you always be waiting for the right person to come and the right time to commit? A big YES Is the answer. Dont be in a hurry to get Into relationship because you can never find love If you insist that you are already into it. Try to find time to real understand your real right, there is no such thing as a perfect allegations, but theres a compatible readership that goes along with it.If you already knew that youre too big to fit into a small sized t-shirt, dont give it a try. Youll probably break it and pay for the damages you have made. If you knew and felt that the relationship will not last, dont go deeper into it. Youll Just suffer the consequences and live like hell the rest of your life. Its really hard to say goodbye though, but you cant make it any better by Just pretending you still have the same feelings. Try to let go and give yourself a chance to live life to the fullest.Give yourself a chance to grow and give your heart a much- needed attention. Then you will find that you have made the right decision and you made it all by yourself. Mr. frequently than not, we all act in a hypocritical manner for some reason. We call it love when we cant leave someone and see them crying as we try to let go. We are wrong, its Just pity. We call it love when were too attached and think that losing the one. We love will somehow make s weak and unable to face the storms of life. We misunderstood, its Just that were too mush dependent on them. We call it love when we give our whole life to them, the wholeness of us and imagined that if they leave no one would accept us and our past. We are mistaken, its Just insecurity . But no matter what the definition is, the truth still remains that love isnt something you can buy nor beg. It is real and existing. You cant touch it but you can feel it in your heart. You cant find it, but it will knock before you when you least expect it to come. It can make you the happiest soul in heaven, but dont forget that it also can make you the most miserable person in the whole galaxy.

Queen Nefertiti essays

Queen Nefertiti essays Queen Nefertiti. The mystery queen of Egypt. Who was she? Why is she so mysterious? Why does such mystery shroud her life and her death? What really happened to her? These are some of the questions that will be covered in this essay. Along with the events of her life, the events of her death will also be covered. The beautiful One has come, the meaning of Nefertiti certainly fits her image. The beautiful painted limestone bust of Nefertiti was discovered in 1912 during a German excavation at Tell el-Amarna. This famous icon now abides in the West Berlin Museum. The German Egyptologist Ludwig Borchardt found this masterpiece. Before her reign as queen there is little known of Nefertiti. Some scholars believe, because her name means the beautiful one has come, that she was from a foreign land and traveled to Egypt. While others maintain, she was from An Egyptian royal bloodline. Others even say that she was in fact not of royalty but her father was a high official, possibly a grand vizier to the king, a man named Ay. The information that is known of Nefertiti comes mainly from tomb scenes, the Aten temple at Karnak, inscription at the Amarna court and now the discovery of tomb KV35 discovered by Victor Loret in 1898, is believed by Egyptologist Joann Fletcher to contain the mummy of Nefertiti, (more will be said about this). Nefertiti lived during the New Kingdom at the end of the 18th Dynasty, in a period known as the Amarna period, from 1353-1336 B.C.E. During the New Kingdom, the 18th Dynasty is depicted in artifacts as a thriving culture. There are farmers who were winnowing and carrying grain to granaries. There are depictions of grape picking in vineyards, herdsmen inspecting cattle, and fishermen using fish hooks. The economy must have been thriving as well, for we see many traders and craftsmen such as goldsmiths, jewelers, engravers and butchers. The depictions of domestic l...

Financial Analysis of restructuring of Canada's Capital markets in Essay

Financial Analysis of restructuring of Canada's Capital markets in March, 1999 - Essay Example The agreement was implemented at the end f 1999 and in early 2000. As a result, the trading f senior equities was consolidated on the TSE, derivatives trading was transferred to the ME, and the ASE and the VSE, after merging to become the Canadian Venture Exchange (CDNX), specialized in the trading f junior securities. The rationale behind the restructuring was a desire to strengthen the overall competitiveness f the Canadian exchanges by reducing fragmentation. At the time, this was seen as especially critical, given the increasing globalization f markets and the growing competition between traditional stock exchanges and new trading mechanisms. In addition, the restructuring promised to eliminate some duplication and simplify trading rules and regulation, thereby contributing to lower costs for issuers, dealers, and investors. Finally, each exchange hoped to increase its expertise by concentrating its efforts on a specific segment f the financial market. The TSE is by far the largest exchange in Canada. At the end f December 2000, market capitalization on the exchange was $1,434 billion with 1,421 companies listed (the average issue size was almost $850 million). To put this in perspective, in terms f market capitalization f domestic companies, as f December 2000, the TSE was the eighth-largest equity exchange in the world, but it was 15 times smaller than the largest (US$770 billion versus US$11,442 billion in market capitalization at the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE)). The volume f activity on the TSE, like most other exchanges in the world, has surged in the last few years. In 2000, an average f 131,000 transactions was made each day, representing an average f 162 million shares for a total value f $3.8 billion. From 1998 to 2000, the number f transactions grew by a factor f 2.5, and the dollar value f trading and the number f shares traded almost doubled. The Canadian Venture Exchange (CDNX) officially commenced trading on 29 November 1999. Given its focus on small and emerging companies, the average equity market capitalization f the 2,600 firms listed on the exchange is relatively low at $5.7 million. Thus, total market capitalization was roughly $15 billion in December 2000, only 1 per cent that f the TSE. The structure f the Canadian equity market is continuing to evolve, following an agreement in principle between the CDNX and the TSE, under which the CDNX would become a wholly owned subsidiary f the TSE. Shareholders f both exchanges voted in favor f the merger in May 2001, and regulatory approval was granted in late July. The TSE and CDNX operate under a similar market structure. Both have a modified electronic auction/ order-driven market. The TSE market structure can be characterized as a modified continuous auction market because f the role played by two groups to support the trading process: registered traders and investment dealers. The role f investment dealers in the upstairs market is very important to the TSE, and it has grown over the years. In terms f value f activity, the share f upstairs trades has increased from 37 per cent in 1984 to around 53 per cent in 1996, f which 90 per cent were large or block trades (TSE

Packaging analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Packaging analysis - Essay Example This also ensures that the product is safe for consumption till its expiry date. It is one of the old and trusted brands; it creates value for its customers because a part of the money spent on this product is spent for children’s benefit. The product creates value for retailers due to the fact that Hershey’s is a well-known brand which is widely consumed by people of all ages; for this reason they are willing to invest in the product since profits are definite (KPMG, 2012). The package aids in promotion of the product since the makers are always inclined towards making something that works; the packaging is old and it has created an identity itself. Regarding the message communicated by the product, it can be said that it is one of the oldest, tasty and reliable brands of chocolate. The chocolate cover is similar to the color of chocolate. Moreover, the product describes it as pure and simple and that is their unique selling point. As far as the ethics and environmental sustainability is concerned, they are committed towards making and delivering the products in ways that ensures both environmentally sustainability and socially responsibility; they consider business of building a better world as one of their duties. KPMG (2012).  The chocolate of tomorrow What today’s market can tell us about the future. Retrieved from

On Distance Learning Essay Example for Free

On Distance Learning Essay Distance education represents a way of teaching with geographically dispersed individuals and groups. Moore related that as early as 1978, regular mail service was used to aid distance education, but the advent of the internet brought new and exceptional dimensions to the world of distance education (10). It offered access to geographically and physically separated individuals to courses and instruction in a more interactive manner through increased education, interactivity among participants, and incorporation of collaborative pedagogical models. But even with the increasing number of courses and degrees delivered entirely online, and the number of supporters this type of education has gained, many still express opposition to it as against the traditional classroom education. Former college teacher James Barszcz’s is one well-known critic of distance education. He strongly asserts in his essay that distance learning cannot fulfill the true purpose of education. The diffusion of the Internet worldwide has literally changed the traditional structure of the school, and, as it can be noticed from the previous examples, it is doing in many different ways that are more and more interesting. It must not be forgotten, of course, that parents keep on worrying about the fact their children’s opinions are circulating all over the world and that this could mean danger and repression for them. These anxieties, however, cannot erase the advantages coming from the introduction of this new technology into the educational are, most importantly, of bringing education to everyone. But what is the true purpose of education, really? In its most basic sense, I strongly believe that the essence of education is to instill in an individual the capability to make out at the world for oneself, to generate one’s own choices, to declare what is black or what is white. In whatever manner this education may come from, it is still learning and discovering about new things that help shape a person into what he is. Distance learning has brought a remarkable means of delivering this education to students in rural or remote areas, so that they make take advantage of continuing learning and give them the ability to schedule learning at times convenient to them. Not only that, a great number of distance education programs cater to the requirements of a lot of diverse people of all ages, sexes, occupations, learning backgrounds and health conditions. Granted that personal contact which is very important in effective education is missing with this kind of education, but as is the situation with all new technologies, there are negative and positive aspects to distance learning. Many instructors, as well as students of distance education miss this. Distance learning can admittedly be lonely sometimes. There is always a price to pay, whether it be big or small. Although this is the case, steps could be done to assuage this drawback. Encouraging students to share something about themselves is one activity that can at least give all participants the feeling that they know something about their colleague and the professor. Additionally, many courses are well supported and, for students who are unable to attend residential events, there are usually opportunities for students to participate in online discussion groups, clubs and societies. It would be noteworthy to point out that for distance learning to be effective, a conducive learning environment needs to be created and maintained. Considerable thought and effort should go into the criteria required for setting-up learning centers and how these criteria would be put into practice and monitored. If this would be followed, distance education, with an extensive record of providing learning to out-of-the-way and distant learners, will become the effective, mainstream method of education and training that advocates claim it to be. In a world where continuous learning is a must, distance education has paved the way for everyone to have access to the educational system without having to physically go to school. Discipline is needed, of course, but it is one value that even traditional schooling teaches students to have. In the end, distance education can only provide a win-win situation for everyone involved in it.

The Importance of the Sea in Chopin’s The Awakening Essay examples --

The Importance of the Sea in Chopin’s The Awakening Unlike Marà ­a Eugenia, Edna in Kate Chopin’s The Awakening chooses not to fill her family’s expectations. As she takes her final steps into the sea she thinks to herself: â€Å"they need not have thought that they could possess her, body and soul† (655). Edna treasures her autonomy and chooses death over familial subjugation. However her transformational journey, alluded to by the title of the novel leads to more than the rejection of her self-sacrificing familial roles as wife and mother and her death. We first meet Edna on her way back from a swim with Robert Lebrun, as Chopin begins to establish Edna’s burgeoning transformation in the context of her relationship with Robert and to the sea. While Robert and Edna’s relationship develops, Edna becomes increasingly dissatisfied with her marriage to Là ©once Pontellier and her traditional roles as wife and mother to her two children, Rauol and Etienne. Edna learns to swim, takes up painting, befriends Madame Reisz, an eccentric old woman that plays the piano, and moves into her own house. After Robert leaves for Mexico, she engages in an affair with Alceà © Arobin, until Robert returns and they affirm their love for one another. However, Robert, afraid of the social repercussions of their affair, leaves town. As a result of losing Robert, failing to find fulfillment in her life without a man, and failing to reconcile her roles as a good and faithful wife and mother while becoming an artist and falling in love, Edna com mits suicide by drowning herself in the sea. The sea, or green-world token is present throughout the novel as Edna engages in her innermost thoughts and her relationship with Robert, the green-world lover. Although ... ...pport of Mr. Pontellier, her children, Madame Ratignolle, Robert, Madame Reisz, and her father. While Edna sees support for herself in these roles the way the other characters see them, she does not believe that she has their support for herself as an individual, apart from these roles, or as a person defining these roles for herself. As she takes her final walk down to the beach, the sea continues to call to her soul: â€Å"The voice of the sea is seductive, never ceasing, whispering, clamoring, murmuring, inviting the soul to wander in abysses of solitude† (654). The sea has helped Edna see into her innermost being and the transformational journey has helped her realize that she wants to fulfill her roles in life as an autonomous individual. But because Edna feels that she cannot achieve her goals, she succumbs to that which is closest to her innermost being, the sea.

Analysis of the play “Florence” by Alice Childress Essay

This 1950 play by Alice Childress takes place in a train station waiting room in a very small town in the south. The play describes how Miss Whitney, an old black woman, discovers that her premonition of the success of her daughter, Florence, as a black actress is undesirably similar to that of a racist, white society. This troubling discovery has just as strong an impact on the reader as it does on Miss Whitney. This drama teaches the reader how the views and opinions of individuals or groups can influence other individuals or groups, although their views and opinions may be opposite, to approach situations with the same reaction. Marge, Miss Whitney’s other daughter, first introduces this frame of mind to as she accompanies Miss Whitney at the train station. They sit in the â€Å"colored† section of the train station while Miss Whitney awaits a train to Harlem to convince Florence to come back home to the south. Florence fled to Harlem with ambition of being an actress. After she calls home to ask for money, Marge is convinced that Florence will fail because she is a black woman attempting to make it in a business dominated by whites in a racially segregated society. Although Miss Whitney seems to have a little bit more faith in Florence, she still wants convince Florence to come back home. They even have a check ready to pay for her trip home, which is causing them to be late on their rent. This reveals to us that they are willing to sacrifice a little in order to prevent Florence from possibly failing in her quest for success. As Marge speaks to Her mother she reveals her mentality in regards to Florence’s situation, â€Å"She ain’t gonna get rich up there and we can’t afford to do for her. She got notions a Negro woman don’t need. She must think she’s white!† (Childress. 1320) Her mother expresses a bit more faith responding, â€Å"Maybe we shoulda just sent her the money this time. This one time.† (Childress. 1320) As Marge leaves the station we are introduced to Mr. Brown, an old black porter. As Mr. Brown speaks with Miss Whitney we find out that his son and brother are both attending different colleges. This makes it known to the reader that Miss Whitney feels it â€Å"takes an awful lot of goin’ to school to be anything.† (Childress.1322) Mr. Brown also informs Miss Whitney that his brother saw Florence in a movie. This excites Miss Whitney only for a second  as she proceeds to ask Mr. Brown about his brother’s aspirations, as if it were more interesting. The conversation is short due to the entrance of Mrs. Carter.

Glow Sticks

Wh Mia Foust Mr. Dunlap Honor Chemistry, Per 7 December 21, 2010 Glow Sticks Since glow sticks have been invented, consumers have wondered how scientists are able to create these magical sticks of light. They work without producing heat. They don’t need a battery or a bulb, Magic? This â€Å"cool† light is called luminescence. Unlike incandescence, which is light from heat energy, luminescence can be emitted at normal or lower temperatures.There are several types of luminescence, bioluminescence, is what happens in fireflies: as the â€Å"bio† prefix indicates, it’s caused by a chemical reaction in living things, cathodoluminescence, is caused by electron beams. And Chemiluminescence. Chemilumiescence is the magic behind the glow stick. Chemiluminescence is what happens in glow sticks. The energy that is needed is supplied by chemical reactions. The chemical reaction of chemiluminescence releases energy that is absorbed by electrons in molecules. Electrons in the atoms make a quantum leap once they absorb the energy from the reaction.The electrons must either jump to or fall back from one quantum level to another quantum level this is the quantum leap. (1) The electron jumps to a higher level; at this point the electron is in what is called the excited state, or a higher quantum. As the electron returns to the lower state, it releases the energy as a photon of light; the photon is the light that we see. To make this easier to understand, think of a rock being picked up. When a person picks up a heavy rock, it takes energy, just as it takes energy for an electron to jump to a higher energy level.When the person drops the rock and it falls to the ground, the energy is released as sound energy. And in the case of the electron, the energy that is released is light energy instead of sound energy. Planck’s equation, E = hv was created by Max Planck and Albert Einstein. The equation relates the energy of a Quantum leap â€Å"E† to the frequency, or color of the light that is given off â€Å"v†. Chemists have been fascinated with â€Å"cold light† for as long as there have been fireflies flying around the night skies. In the first steps to making their very own â€Å"cold light,† they knew what was equired: a molecule that radiates light when it is excited and an energy source to excite that molecule. In the early 1960s, a young chemist by the name of Edwin A. Chandross was looking for a way to describe chemiluminescence. Chandross knew that peroxides had a large amount of potential energy. He concluded that they were likely to be participants in the future of chemiluminescence. In his work, Chandross was able to produce a reaction that produced a â€Å"cold light†. However, it wasn’t very efficient. Although Chandross’s work wasn’t efficient, it was a major step in the right direction for chemiluminescence. Edwin A.Chandross didn’t realize that his discovery had great potential. Sadly he never patented it. Around the same time, another chemist by the name of Michael M. Rauhut began studying some of Chandross’s work. Rauhut and his team began searching for a reaction that would be powerful enough to be practical to use. Eventually they designed a phenyl oxalate ester that, when mixed with hydrogen peroxide and a fluorescent dye, produced a reaction not quite as efficient as a firefly. The group called it Cyalume, which became its name when Rauhut’s company, American Cyanamid, began selling it as one of their chemical light products.The basic structure of a glow stick is particularly simple. It contains the somewhat bendable plastic outer shell and the easily broken inner glass vial. When the glow stick is ready to be used, an individual will grip each end of the glow stick and bend it. As the flexible external plastic casing of the glow stick begins to bow, it comes in contact with the internal glass vial, and beg ins to apply pressure to it. Because the inner glass vial is less flexible than the plastic, it will fracture sooner than the outer plastic. The outcome is that the glass vial breaks and spills its contents into the larger compartment of the glow stick.It is the breaking of the glass vial that gives glow sticks their distinctive snapping noise when activated. When the glass vial is broke. The contents are able to mingle and react with the liquids in the main compartment. The chemical reaction begins and the glow stick lights up. (2) Refer to Figure 1. The outer compartment contains fluorescent dye and phenyl oxalate ester. Floating inside that solution is the small glass vial that contains hydrogen peroxide. When the phenyl oxalate ester and the hydrogen peroxide are mixed, it creates a reaction that produces peroxyacid ester. The Peroxyacid ester then decomposes to create carbon dioxide.This releases energy that excites the electrons in the florescent dye and causes them to jump to a higher energy level. Then as the dye becomes less excited, it releases energy, and the electrons produce light as they drop back down to a lower energy level. (3) Examine figure 2. Glow stick products usually last anywhere from 4 – 10 hours at normal temperatures. A change in temperature will cause the stick to glow brighter or longer. Normally the particles travel at a slow speed; however an increase in temp will increase the heat/energy and cause the particles to travel faster and collide with greater force.Chemical reactions cause chemical bonds to be broken and then reformed between different atoms, creating new substances. (4) Companies often tell consumers to pop their glow sticks into the freezer to keep it glowing longer. This is because the lower temperatures slow down the reaction rate. Particles move slower and collide less, making the reaction slower at lower temperatures. The amount of time the glow stick lasts also depends of the color of the dye. Reds and gr eens last the longest, while blues through pinks last a shorter amount of time. See figure 3. Glow sticks have many practical and recreational uses.People are thinking of new uses for glow sticks and glow light products every day. Along with being used for entertainment and fun, glow sticks can be used for safety purposes. For instance glow sticks have contributed to helping many through natural disasters, search and rescue, and they are even used a great deal by military members. Glow sticks have been used in the military since 1962. The military has found a variety of uses for glow sticks including non-tactical military ops, safety, and night operations. The military uses glow sticks for night missions, and safety, to keep track of others.The military uses glow sticks also for non-tactical military ops, by marking others movements, and the trails that are to be traveled. Now glow sticks are put into all standard issue military safety kits. They have found they are very useful and are a lightweight, low hazard, and easy to store. The military issues about 15 million glow stick units a year. (5) Civilians use glow sticks for recreation and fun. Consumers use them for activities such as camping, fishing, hunting, fans wear them at concerts, and children wear them to be cool at fairs and carnivals.Because of their size, convenience, price, and safe to use anywhere source of light, glow sticks are a product nearly everyone enjoys. Many boaters use glow sticks for nighttime cruses to keep track of one another on the water. The most popular type of glow stick is the standard six-inch stick, and the most popular color is green because it last the longest. There are many stories where glow sticks have contributed to saving peoples lives in search and rescue missions. When people are lost and being searched for and they have a glow stick they can be found more easily in the dark. Glow sticks are truly magic in their own way.They have helped many in different ways. Sci entist like Chandross and Rauhut, who have helped pave the way for increased safety measures for men and women in uniform, and who help adoring fans create ambiance at concerts should be thanked. Figure 1 (6) Figure 2 (7) [pic] Figure 3 (8) [pic] Work Cited Cool Blue Light Experiment Kit. 1996, 16-17 (1) How Chemical Glow sticks work. http://glowgranny. com/articles/ chemical_glow_sticks_working. htm. 11/25/10 (2) Huang, Jason. Customer Service Rep, Happy Glow. jason. [email  protected] com 11/25/10. â€Å"interview† (3) Using heat to speed up reactions in the kitchen http://www. ynami cscience. com. au/tester/solutions/chemistry/juniorsciencefoodchem/homechemistry1. htm. 12/1/10 (4) History of glow sticks in the military www. militaryglowsticks. com/pages/history-of-glow-sticks-in-the-military. html 11/25/10 (5) User and Applications. http://jeanbont. pbworks. com/w/page/23323157/Applications 12/19/10 (6) Reactions. http://www. engin. umich. edu/~cre/web_mod/new/glowsticks /reactions. htm 11/25/10 (7) Extreme glow http://www. extremeglow. com/Merchant4/ merchant. mvc? Screen=CTGY&Category_Code=Helpful_Photo. 11/23/10 (8) ———————– 08 Fall Mia Foust Glow Sticks

Art and Literature essays

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